Substance use is a serious concern in Florida, which records one of the highest total numbers of overdose deaths in the country, driven largely by fentanyl. Key figures:

• 4,593 fentanyl-related deaths in 2023, the third-highest total in the nation, according to USAFacts.
• 31.7 drug overdose deaths per 100,000 people in 2023, roughly at the national average.
• 7,388 total overdose deaths in 2023, down from 8,070 in 2022.
• Overdose deaths are declining, matching the national trend.
• Drug poisoning is a leading cause of injury death in Florida.
• Fentanyl is involved in the majority of overdose deaths.

Florida’s large population means its overdose totals are among the highest in the nation even as its per-capita rate sits near the national average. Deaths have been falling since 2022, a reversal after years of increases.

Florida is one of ten states that has not expanded Medicaid, so many low-income adults without dependents do not qualify for coverage. The state’s Department of Children and Families (DCF) oversees substance abuse treatment through its Substance Abuse and Mental Health (SAMH) program. Of the 477 facilities listed below, 251 accept Medicaid.