Substance use is a serious concern in Wyoming, where fentanyl has added a new danger to the state’s drug supply. Key figures:

• 120 overdose deaths in 2023, falling to 97 in 2024, according to the Wyoming Department of Health.
• 62% of 2024 overdose deaths were linked with illicit drugs.
• Fentanyl is a growing danger, often added to other drugs without the buyer knowing.
• Overdose deaths have fluctuated between roughly 81 and 120 per year since 2019.
• Deaths rose from 81 in 2019 to a recent peak of 120 in 2023 before declining in 2024.
• Fentanyl seizures in Wyoming surged 264%, driven largely by drugs funneled through two Mexican cartels.

Wyoming’s overdose numbers are small in absolute terms but have trended upward over the past five years as fentanyl entered the drug supply. The 2024 decline reversed a multi-year rise.

Wyoming has not expanded Medicaid under the Affordable Care Act, so Medicaid eligibility is more limited than in expansion states, and it primarily covers low-income elderly and disabled residents. The Wyoming Department of Health oversees the addiction treatment system. Of the 46 facilities listed below, 42 accept Medicaid.